When voltage is around or below 240V AC transistor T1 is in off-state where T2 energized relay RL1. Similarly, when voltage becomes beyond 240V (i.e. above 240V) T1 is in conducting-stage and T2 is in off-stage which de-energized the relay RL1 and switch-off the appliance.This is way to create over voltage electric protector.
PARTS LIST
Resistors (all ¼-watt, ~+mn~ 5% Carbon)
R1 = 147 Ω/2W
R2 = 100 Ω/1W
R3 = 330 Ω
R4 = 100 KΩ
R5 = 1.8 KΩ
R6, R7 = 1 KΩ
VR1 = 10 KΩ
VR2 = 22 KΩ
Capacitors
C1, C4, C5 = 0.01 µF
C2 = 1000 µF/25V
C3 = 100 µF/25V
Semiconductors
IC1 = µA741 (Operational Amplifier)
IC2 = 7812
T1= BC547
T2 = SL100
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 = 1N4007
D6 = 1N4148
ZD1 = 5.1V zener diode
Miscellaneous
X1 = 230V AC primary to 7.5V-0-7.5V, 1A secondary transformer
RL1 = 12V, 200Ω 1 C/O Relay
PARTS LIST
Resistors (all ¼-watt, ~+mn~ 5% Carbon)
R1 = 147 Ω/2W
R2 = 100 Ω/1W
R3 = 330 Ω
R4 = 100 KΩ
R5 = 1.8 KΩ
R6, R7 = 1 KΩ
VR1 = 10 KΩ
VR2 = 22 KΩ
Capacitors
C1, C4, C5 = 0.01 µF
C2 = 1000 µF/25V
C3 = 100 µF/25V
Semiconductors
IC1 = µA741 (Operational Amplifier)
IC2 = 7812
T1= BC547
T2 = SL100
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 = 1N4007
D6 = 1N4148
ZD1 = 5.1V zener diode
Miscellaneous
X1 = 230V AC primary to 7.5V-0-7.5V, 1A secondary transformer
RL1 = 12V, 200Ω 1 C/O Relay
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